تَصْحِيحُ الْعَقَائِدِ
Correcting the Beliefs
A complete Friday khutbah on ʿaqīdah — the meaning of the two testimonies, the standing of the Companions, and Sūrah al-Nisāʾ 4:136. Arabic with full diacritics, with an English translation.
Source: Khutbāt al-Aḥkām, Shaykh Ashraf ʿAlī Thānvī (Raḥimahullāh) — khutbah 2
Opening الافتتاحية
اَلْحَمْدُ للهِ الْعَلِيمِ الْخَبِيرِ الْمُتْقِنِ نِظَامَ الْعَالَمِ بِلَا مُعِينٍ وَنَصِيرٍ
فَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ الَّذِي حِكْمَتُهُ بَالِغَةٌ وَعِلْمُهُ عَزِيزٌ، وَنِعَمُهُ وَاصِلَةٌ إِلَى كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ
وَنَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ فِي نَقِيرٍ وَلَا قِطْمِيرٍ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَنَا وَمَوْلَانَا مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ الَّذِي هَدَانَا بِكِتَابٍ مُنِيرٍ، وَدَعَانَا إِلَى اللهِ بِالْإِنْذَارِ وَالتَّبْشِيرِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ مَا دَامَتِ الْكَوَاكِبُ تَسِيرُ
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ تَرْجَمَةَ عَقِيدَةِ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ فِي كَلِمَتَيِ الشَّهَادَةِ الَّتِي هِيَ إِحْدَى مَبَانِي الْإِسْلَامِ
Khutbāt al-Aḥkām, Shaykh Ashraf ʿAlī Thānvī (Raḥimahullāh)
All praises be to Allah, the All-Knower, the Aware, Who brought to perfection the Universal system of nature without any helper. Glory be to Allah, Whose wisdom is overwhelming and His knowledge is great and Whose favours are extended to everything, small or big. We bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah alone, without any partner or associate in creation, not even to the extent of the creation of a spot on a date or the skin covering it. And we bear witness that Sayeduna Muhammad ﷺ is Allah's servant and messenger, who guided us aright through an enlightened book, and who invited us towards Allah through warnings and glad tidings. May Allah's choicest blessings be upon him and upon his offspring and his companion for as long as the stars shall continue to travel in their orbits. After this, O brothers, know that the synopsis of the beliefs of the Ahlis sunnah wal jamaah is contained in the two kalimahs of Shahaadah and these kalimahs are one of the fundamental principles of Islam.
Admonition & Advice الوعظ والنصيحة
فَمَعْنَى الْكَلِمَةِ الْأُولَى أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى هُوَ الْمُبْدِعُ لِلْعَالَمِ الْوَاحِدُ الْأَحَدُ الْقَدِيمُ الْحَيُّ الْقَادِرُ الْعَلِيمُ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ الشَّاكِرُ الْمُرِيدُ الْكَاتِبُ لِلْمَقَادِيرِهِ لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَئٌ وَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ وَقُدْرَتِهِ شَئٌ، وَهُوَ الْخَالِقُ الرَّازِقُ الْمُحْيِي الْمُمِيتُ وَلَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى وَلَهُ الْمَثَلُ الْأَعْلَى وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
وَمَعْنَى الْكَلِمَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَأَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فِي جَمِيعِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ وَالْأَحْكَامِ، وَأَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ كَلَامُ اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَكُلٌّ مِنَ الْكُتُبِ وَالرُّسُلِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ حَقٌّ وَالْمِعْرَاجُ حَقٌّ وَكَرَامَاتُ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ حَقٌّ
Khutbāt al-Aḥkām, Shaykh Ashraf ʿAlī Thānvī (Raḥimahullāh)
The meaning of the first kalimah is that Allah, the Most Exalted is the creator of this world. He is the One, the Unique, the Eternal, the Ever living, the Powerful, the All-knowing, the Hearer, the All-seeing, the Thankful, the Intender, the Recorder of all fate, Who is fully aware of everything. No one and nothing is like Him and nothing lies outside His knowledge or His power. He is the Creator and the Granter of sustenance, the Granter of life and of death. To Him belongs the most beautiful names and He is the Mighty and the Wise.
الصَّحَابَةُ كُلُّهُمْ عُدُولٌ وَأَفْضَلُهُمُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْخُلَفَاءُ عَلَى تَرْتِيبِ الْخِلَافَةِ، وَسُؤَالُ الْقَبْرِ حَقٌّ وَالْبَعْثُ حَقٌّ وَالْوَزْنُ حَقٌّ وَالْكِتَابُ حَقٌّ وَالْحِسَابُ حَقٌّ وَالْحَوْضُ حَقٌّ وَالصِّرَاطُ حَقٌّ وَالشَّفَاعَةُ حَقٌّ وَرُؤْيَةُ اللهِ تَعَالَى حَقٌّ، وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ وَهُمَا بَاقِيَتَانِ لَا تَفْنَيَانِ وَلَا يَفْنَى أَهْلُهُمَا
Khutbāt al-Aḥkām, Shaykh Ashraf ʿAlī Thānvī (Raḥimahullāh)
And all the companions of Rasulullah ﷺ are men of justice and the most excellent of them are those four rightly-guided Califs in the same manner that they succeeded each other to the office of khilafat...And the questioning in the grave by the angels is also true. The rising from the grave is true and so also is the weighing of the deeds of men on the scales on the day of qiyaamah. The Book of deeds is true and calling of men to account on the day of qiyamah is true. And so also the arrival of the successful ones at the howz is true and as well as their having to pass over the sirat. The intercession of Rasulullah ﷺ on behalf of the sinners of his ummat is also true. The fact that the righteous ones will see Allah is also true. The existence of paradise and of hell is also true. These two places will be everlasting and will never perish and neither will their inmates perish.
Qurʾānic Verses الآيات القرآنية
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ مِن قَبْلُ ۚ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا
Sūrah al-Nisāʾ, 4:136
Allah says: "O you who believe, believe in Allah and His Messenger ﷺ and the Book which He revealed upon His prophet and the Books which He revealed before them. And whosoever disbelieves in Allah, His angels, His prophets and the day of qiyaamah, he has verily gone far astray."
Second Khutbah الخطبة الثانية
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أَسْتَعِينُهُ وَأَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُورِ أَنْفُسِنَا
مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَلَا مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَا هَادِيَ لَهُ
وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ السَّاعَةِ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَضُرُّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ وَلَا يَضُرُّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ، يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا ،
اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَرَسُولِكَ وَصَلِّ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمَاتِ وَبَارِكْ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَزْوَاجِهِ وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَرْحَمُ أُمَّتِي بِأُمَّتِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأَشَدُّهُمْ فِي أَمْرِ اللَّهِ عُمَرُ وَأَصْدَقُهُمْ حَيَاءً عُثْمَانُ وَأَقْضَاهُمْ عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَحَمْزَةُ أَسَدُ اللَّهِ وَأَسَدُ رَسُولِهِ اَللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْعَبَّاسِ وَلِوَلَدِهِ مَغْفِرَةً ظَاهِرَةً وَبَاطِنَةً لَا تُغَادِرُ ذَنْبًا اَللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي أَصْحَابِي لَا تَتَّخِذُوهُمْ غَرَضًا مِن بَعْدِي فَمَنْ أَحَبَّهُمْ فَبِحُبِّي أَحَبَّهُمْ وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ فَبِبُغْضِي أَبْغَضَهُمْ وَخَيْرُ أُمَّتِي قَرْنِي ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ
اَللَّهُمَّ أَيِّدِ الْإِسْلَامَ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ - اَللَّهُمَّ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَ دِينَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاجْعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ - اَللَّهُمَّ أَرِنَا الْحَقَّ حَقًّا وَارْزُقْنَا اتِّبَاعَهُ - وَأَرِنَا الْبَاطِلَ بَاطِلًا وَارْزُقْنَا اجْتِنَابَهُ - اَللَّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْنَا عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ - اَللَّهُمَّ نَوِّرْ قُلُوبَنَا بِنُورِ الْإِيمَانِ - اَللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ الْأَحْيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَالْأَمْوَاتِ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِيتَاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَيَنْهَىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنكَرِ وَالْبَغْيِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ فَاذْكُرُونِي أَذْكُرْكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِي وَلَا تَكْفُرُونِ
Adapted from Khutbāt al-Aḥkām, Shaykh Ashraf ʿAlī Thānvī (Raḥimahullāh)